Goat Farming: Cost, Profit & Complete Care Guide (2025)
Goat farming is one of India’s most profitable and fast-growing livestock businesses, suitable for small and marginal farmers. Goats require low investment, minimum care, and generate high returns, especially due to the huge demand for goat meat (mutton) across India.
This guide covers breeds, cost, profit, feeding, health care, shed design, marketing, and everything you need for successful goat farming.
Table of Contents
Why Goat Farming is a Profitable Business
- Low investment
- High demand for goat meat
- Fast reproduction
- Low mortality compared to poultry
- Suitable in all climates
- Can be done in small land
Best Goat Breeds for Goat Farming in India
1. Jamunapari
- Heavy body
- Best for breeding
2. Barbari
- Small size
- Fast reproduction
3. Sirohi
- Strong, disease resistant
4. Boer (Imported)
- World’s best meat breed
5. Black Bengal
- Good fertility
- High meat quality
6. Osmanabadi
- Popular in Maharashtra
Goat Shed Design (Low-Cost Setup)
Requirements:
- Proper ventilation
- Dry floor
- 2–3 sq ft space per goat
- Clean water system
- Separate area for kids
Recommended Shed Size (for 50 Goats):
- 20 × 30 feet
- Slatted floor preferred
- South–North direction
Goat Feeding & Nutrition Plan
A balanced diet increases weight gain.
Daily Feed Requirement (Adult Goat):
- Green fodder: 2–3 kg
- Dry fodder: 1–1.5 kg
- Concentrate feed: 250–350 g
- Mineral mixture: 10–20 g
- Clean water: 3–5 liters
Kid Feeding Schedule
- 0–3 months – Mother’s milk + starter feed
- 3–6 months – Green fodder + concentrate
- 6+ months – Normal adult feed
Vaccination Schedule (Very Important)
- PPR – 3 months
- Enterotoxemia – 3 months
- Foot & Mouth Disease – Twice a year
- HS Vaccine – 6 months
Goat Farming Cost (For 50 Goats)
Item Cost (INR)
- 40 female goats (₹5,000–₹7,000 each) – ₹2,40,000
- 2 male bucks (₹10,000 each) – ₹20,000
- Shed construction – ₹50,000
- Feed cost (1 year) – ₹1,00,000
- Medicine/vaccine – ₹10,000
- Labour & maintenance – ₹20,000
Total Investment – ₹4,40,000
GOAT FARMING has become a PROFITABLE business and requires a VERY LOW investment due to its multi-functional utility. pic.twitter.com/Juyr35kjsN
— Agirite Media (@AgiriteMedia) October 2, 2024
Profit in Goat Farming (50 Goats)
A healthy goat gives:
Twins every 8–9 months
Sale-ready weight: 22–28 kg live
Market price: ₹350–₹550/kg live weight
Yearly Income Calculation
50 goats → approx. 60–70 kids/year
Average selling price per goat: ₹6,000–₹9,000
Total Revenue:
₹4,20,000 – ₹6,00,000 per year
Net Profit:
₹1,80,000 – ₹2,50,000 per year (after expenses)
(Profit increases 2–3× after 2 years due to herd growth)
Negative Points / Challenges
- Disease outbreaks
- Improper vaccination leads to loss
- Feed cost fluctuations
- Need good buck for breeding
- Theft risk in open farms
Positive Points / Benefits
- High and stable market demand
- Low risk farming
- Can be started with small land
- Fast breeding cycle
- Good for rural employment
- Goat manure sells well
How to Increase Goat Farming Profit
- Choose pure, healthy breeds
- Keep 1:25 buck-to-doe ratio
- Maintain clean shed
- Follow each vaccination
- Grow your own fodder to reduce cost
- Sell goats during festive seasons for higher prices
Goat Farming Business Plan (PDF Style)
1. Project Selection
50 goats + 2 breeding bucks
2. Land & Shed
600–800 sq ft
3. Investment
₹4.4 lakh first year
4. Income
₹4–6 lakh per year
5. Marketing
Local markets, traders, meat shops, festivals
Conclusion
Goat farming is a high-profit, low-risk livestock business that can provide a sustainable income for small and large farmers. With proper breed selection, feeding, vaccination, and management, farmers can earn ₹3–5 lakh yearly, making it one of India’s top livestock enterprises.
FAQs
1. What is the best breed for goat farming in India?
Sirohi, Barbari, Jamunapari, Osmanabadi, and Boer.
2. How much profit in goat farming?
₹1.5–2.5 lakh yearly for 50 goats.
3. Is goat farming risky?
Less risky compared to poultry; main risks are disease and feed cost.
4. How many goats are needed to start?
Minimum 10–20 goats for beginners.
5. How much land is required for 50 goats?
800–1200 sq ft shed + grazing land if available.
6. How long does a goat take to grow?
6–8 months to reach selling weight.
7. Which feed increases goat weight fast?
Green fodder, maize, groundnut cake, mineral mix.